Getting Ahead of the Safety Curve: Keys to Building a Successful Active Threat Plan

As the national conversation regarding violence in the workplace suggests a heightened awareness stemming from increased media coverage, recent studies suggest there may be statistical evidence supporting this perceived frequency. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, about 5 percent of all businesses experience an instance of workplace violence each year. For larger organizations with more than 1,000 employees, this rate is increased tenfold to 50 percent. A 2014 report from the FBI found active shooter incidents in the U.S. now occur on an average of once a month. Of these incidents, almost (45.6 percent) occurred at a business, while nearly a quarter (24.4 percent) occurred at pre-K to 12 schools and institutions of higher learning.

Although active threats and the environments where they take place can vary from incident to incident, the common threads found throughout can be woven together to create the fabric of an effective and successful safety program. The following are lessons learned gleaned from past experience that businesses can use as tools for building a solid foundation for a safety-minded workplace:

Mindset to Clear the First Hurdle
More often than not, active threat training is the elephant in the room. Everyone has seen or heard of incidents, but are reluctant to take the steps toward mitigation. The reasons may vary from believing it'll make employees more fearful than empowered to worrying the training might not be "right" for the team. However, looking the other way is not a solution to any problem, much less one with harmful consequences.

The aforementioned statistics illustrate an increasing probability of an active threat incident, making it less an if and more a when. Unfortunately, violence doesn't discriminate on where it can take place, so the entire enterprise – be it headquarters, warehouse, or storefront – should be involved in preventative measures. Breaking through the barrier of apprehension begins with a holistic approach: one team, one goal. Leadership should evaluate the type of training fitting for their organization's culture, articulate the vital importance of such training to employees, and clearly explain how the training will be implemented.

Flexible Response Plans
Violence is seldom a cookie cutter affair and, as such, a "one size fits all" response is likely an ineffective solution. Conversely, having too many threat-specific responses can be confusing, if not outright dangerous. While different threats do warrant varying responses, a series of "stovepipe" procedures can cripple a person with tunnel vision during a high-stress scenario.

All active threat response plans should be built upon the same principles so even if the minute details are lost in the heat of the moment, team members can still make informed decisions to ensure the safety of themselves and others. Streamlining processes encourages a quick implementation and retention of information.  Knowledge increases confidence, confidence increases decisiveness, and it is decisive action in a critical incident that saves lives.

Proactive Response Plans
A fortunate trend stemming from unfortunate roots is a movement for companies to get ahead of the curve of active threat response. For better or worse, increased exposure of violence in the workplace means it is no longer an abstract concept but rather an issue thrust into the forefront. A strategy based on hoping nothing happens and performing damage control is a folly that can irreparably destroy a brand, in addition to the obvious harm inflicted upon person and property.

An effective response plan doesn't begin when the incident occurs, but as soon as training can be conducted. Empowering employees with tools on how to identify and communicate to leadership possible high-risk indicators such as signs of growing anger, depression, or erratic behavior can be just as, if not more effective as decisive action during an active threat.

Clear Communication Plans
A cohesive "one-team" mindset supported by a response plan based on fundamentals and foresight cannot take place without clear communication before, during, and after a critical incident. The language plays a critical role in an active threat response program and can dictate the program's success or failure. Such language should be consistent with current policies and procedures so the program is both effective and legally defensible. 

Each company will need to tailor its active threat response plan to fit its culture and workplace environment. Thankfully, a simple concept utilized by premier agencies already exists so organizations may build a clear and coherent plan: "Run, Hide, Defend."

Customer Service
Communication during a critical incident is by no means limited to employees, but extends to customer interaction, as well. How company communicates around and with customers during an active threat incident can play a vital role in minimizing harm and mitigating supplemental harm as a result of panic.

Every active threat mitigation plan should include an emergency communication strategy that may contain one or two common components: First is the use of a code such as "Code Adam" alerting employees to a specific issue while customers and vendors remain unaware of any possible issues. The second option is to use plain English so that everyone quickly gains situational awareness. For example, instead of using "Code Red" for an active shooter incident, the alert would announce there is an active shooter situation in progress so employees, customers, and vendors can take decisive actions to seek safety.

Every active threat situation will unfold differently, especially since external factors such as the weather, type of environment, and other variables can present unpredictable outcomes. By being proactive over what that can be controlled, such as implementing sound training strategies, companies can be prepared for and respond to an active threat to the best of its ability. Through the empowerment of its most valuable assets – its people – companies can mitigate risks, protect the safety of its employees, customers, and community.

Jay Hart is the Director of Force Training Institute. He leads a team of first responders, anti-terrorism, cybersecurity, defensive tactics, and crisis management specialists with vast cumulative experience and expertise in safety and security. Hart is also a police lieutenant for one of the largest municipal police departments in Los Angeles County and has testified as an expert in law enforcement training, policies, procedures, and use of force issues. With more than a decade of SWAT experience, he is in charge of his agency's Use of Force, Active Shooter, and Firearms training programs. He is a certified POST Advanced Instructor, Force Science Research Analyst, FBI Firearms Instructor and Law Enforcement Instructor with Krav Maga Worldwide® Force Training Division. Hart has worked with numerous retail organizations, as well as global and national Fortune 500 companies on creating and implementing active shooter mitigation programs and emergency management response plans. Moreover, he has helped develop the Countering Violent Extremism in California resource guide and continues to assist organizations in threat assessment, risk management, and emergency management planning. Hart has received numerous awards for his work in the private sector and he is currently a member of the National Research Council Security Advisory Group in Washington, D.C.

Force Training Institute (FTI) is a Los Angeles-based consulting firm specializing in critical incident response and active shooter mitigation training.

Posted on Apr 24, 2017